Setup

Instructions for setting up a Kubernetes cluster.

Documentation for Kubernetes v1.7 is no longer actively maintained. The version you are currently viewing is a static snapshot. For up-to-date documentation, see the latest version.

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Upgrades

This page will outline how to manage and execute a Kubernetes upgrade.

Before you begin

This page assumes you have a working deployed cluster.

Assumptions

You should always back up all your data before attempting an upgrade. Don’t forget to include the workload inside your cluster! Refer to the backup documentation.

Preparing for an Upgrade

See if upgrades are available. The Kubernetes charms are updated bi-monthly and mentioned in the Kubernetes release notes. Important operational considerations and change in behaviour will always be documented in the release notes.

You can use juju status to see if an upgrade is available. There will either be an upgrade to kubernetes or etcd, or both.

Upgrade etcd

Backing up etcd requires an export and snapshot, refer to the backup documentation to create a snapshot. After the snapshot upgrade the etcd service with:

juju upgrade-charm etcd

This will handle upgrades between minor versions of etcd. Major upgrades from etcd 2.x to 3.x are currently unsupported. Instead, data will be run in etcdv2 stores over the etcdv3 api.

Upgrade Kubernetes

The Kubernetes Charms use snap channels to drive payloads. The channels are defined by X.Y/channel where X.Y is the major.minor release of Kubernetes (e.g. 1.6) and channel is one of the four following channels:

Channel name Description
stable The latest stable released patch version of Kubernetes
candidate Release candidate releases of Kubernetes
beta Latest alpha or beta of Kubernetes for that minor release
edge Nightly builds of that minor release of Kubernetes

If a release isn’t available, the next highest channel is used. For example, 1.6/beta will load /candidate or /stable depending on availability of release. Development versions of Kubernetes are available in that minor releases edge channel. There is no guarantee that edge or master will work with the current charms.

Master Upgrades

First you need to upgrade the masters:

juju upgrade-charm kubernetes-master

NOTE: Always upgrade the masters before the workers.

Once the latest charm is deployed, the channel for Kubernetes can be selected by issuing the following:

juju config kubernetes-master channel=1.x/stable

Where x is the minor version of Kubernetes. For example, 1.6/stable. See above for Channel definitions

Worker Upgrades

Two methods of upgrading workers are supported. Blue/Green Deployment and upgrade-in-place. Both methods are provided for operational flexibility and both are supported and tested. Blue/Green will require more hardware up front than inplace, but is a safer upgrade route.

Blue/Green Upgrade

Given the following deployment, where the workers are named kubernetes-alpha.

Deploy new worker(s):

juju deploy kubernetes-beta

Pause the old workers so your workload migrates:

juju run-action kubernetes-alpha/# pause

Verify old workloads have migrated with:

kubectl get pod -o wide

Tear down old workers with:

juju remove-application kubernetes-alpha

In place worker upgrade

juju upgrade-charm kubernetes-worker
juju config kubernetes-worker channel=1.x/stable

Where x is the minor version of Kubernetes. For example, 1.6/stable. See above for Channel definitions. Once you’ve configured kubernetes-worker with the appropriate channel, run the upgrade action on each worker:

juju run-action kubernetes-worker/0 upgrade
juju run-action kubernetes-worker/1 upgrade
...

Verify upgrade

kubectl version should return the newer version.

It is recommended to rerun a cluster validation to ensure that the cluster upgrade has successfully completed.

Upgrade Flannel

Upgrading flannel can be done at any time, it is independent of Kubernetes upgrades. Be advised that networking is interrupted during the upgrade. You can initiate a flannel upgrade:

juju upgrade-charm flannel

Upgrade easyrsa

Upgrading easyrsa can be done at any time, it is independent of Kubernetes upgrades. Upgrading easyrsa should result in zero downtime as it is not a running service:

juju upgrade-charm easyrsa

Rolling back etcd

At this time rolling back etcd is unsupported.

Rolling back Kubernetes

At this time rolling back Kubernetes is unsupported.

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